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Contemporary and emerging magnetic resonance imaging methods for evaluation of moyamoya disease. Quality of life in pediatric Moyamoya disease. Moyamoya disease: Epidemiology, clinical features, and diagnosis. National Organization for Rare Disorders. Moyamoya disease: Treatment and prognosis. Moyamoya disease: Etiology, clinical features, and diagnosis. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. NINDS moyamoya disease information page.Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2016.
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In: Bradley's Neurology in Clinical Practice. Moyamoya disease can cause serious and permanent damage to the brain. Other complications include speech problems, movement disorders and developmental delays. Most complications from moyamoya disease are associated with the effects of strokes, including seizures, paralysis, and vision problems. Though adults can have moyamoya disease, children younger than 15 years old are most commonly affected. Females have a slightly higher incidence of moyamoya disease. Moyamoya syndrome sometimes occurs in association with other disorders, including neurofibromatosis type 1, sickle cell disease and Down syndrome, among many others. If you have a family member with moyamoya disease, your risk of having the condition is 30 to 40 times higher than that of the general population - a factor that strongly suggests a genetic component. This same higher prevalence has been documented among Asians living in Western countries. This may possibly be due to certain genetic factors in those populations. Moyamoya disease is found all over the world, but it's more common in East Asian countries, especially Korea, Japan and China. Though the cause of moyamoya disease is unknown, certain factors may increase your risk of having the condition, including: Moyamoya syndrome is also associated with certain conditions, such as Down syndrome, sickle cell anemia, neurofibromatosis type 1 and hyperthyroidism. Sometimes, vascular changes can occur that mimic moyamoya disease but may have different causes and symptoms. Researchers believe the greater prevalence in these Asian countries strongly suggests a genetic factor in some populations. Moyamoya disease is most commonly seen in Japan, Korea and China, but it also occurs in other parts of the world. The exact cause of moyamoya disease is unknown. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic Moyamoya Causes See your doctor if you have any of the signs or symptoms of moyamoya disease, as early detection and treatment can help prevent a stroke and serious complications. If you're with someone you suspect is having a stroke, watch the person carefully while waiting for emergency assistance. The longer a stroke goes untreated, the greater the potential for brain damage and disability. If you observe any of these signs, call 911 or emergency medical help immediately.Ĭall 911 or your local emergency number right away. Ask the person to repeat a simple phrase. Does one arm drift downward? Or is one arm unable to rise up? Seek immediate medical attention if you notice any signs or symptoms of a stroke or TIA, even if they seem to fluctuate or disappear. These symptoms can be triggered by exercise, crying, coughing, straining or a fever. Difficulties with speaking or understanding others (aphasia).Weakness, numbness or paralysis in your face, arm or leg, typically on one side of your body.Spotting symptoms early is very important to prevent serious complications such as a stroke.Īccompanying signs and symptoms of moyamoya disease related to reduced blood flow to the brain include: Adults also may experience these symptoms but also experience bleeding in the brain (hemorrhagic stroke) from abnormal brain vessels. In children, the first symptom is usually a stroke or recurrent transient ischemic attack ( TIA), especially in children. Moyamoya disease causes different symptoms in adults and children. Moyamoya disease may occur at any age, though symptoms most commonly occur between 5 and 10 years of age in children and between 30 and 50 years of age in adults.